International Sports Sciences Association (ISSA) Trainer Practice Exam

What health risk is associated with low levels of HDL cholesterol?

1. Increased risk of heart disease

2. Higher chances of stroke

3. Improvement of cardiovascular function

4. Increased metabolism

The correct answer is: Increased risk of heart disease

Low levels of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of heart disease. HDL cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps transport cholesterol from the arteries back to the liver, where it can be processed and removed from the body. This is vital in maintaining cardiovascular health, as higher levels of HDL cholesterol have been linked to a reduced risk of coronary artery disease. When HDL levels are low, the body is less effective at clearing out excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, leading to the buildup of cholesterol in the arteries, known as atherosclerosis. This condition narrows the arteries and increases the risk of heart attacks and other cardiovascular events. Therefore, maintaining adequate levels of HDL cholesterol is essential for protecting heart health and reducing the risk of heart disease. The other options do not accurately convey the implications of low HDL levels. Higher chances of stroke, while relevant to overall cholesterol balance, are more closely linked with other risk factors. Improvement of cardiovascular function and increased metabolism are not commonly associated with low HDL cholesterol; rather, they would typically be benefits of higher HDL levels.