International Sports Sciences Association (ISSA) Trainer Practice Exam

What type of cholesterol is positively affected by exercise in hypertensive individuals?

1. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

2. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

3. Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

4. Total cholesterol

The correct answer is: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, often referred to as "good" cholesterol, is positively affected by exercise, especially in individuals with hypertension. Engaging in regular physical activity helps increase the levels of HDL cholesterol in the bloodstream, which plays a crucial role in removing excess cholesterol from the body. This is beneficial because higher levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a reduced risk of heart disease and stroke. Furthermore, exercise can also contribute to improved blood pressure control, making it particularly advantageous for hypertensive individuals. While low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is often viewed as "bad" cholesterol and is typically targeted for reduction through lifestyle changes, exercise tends to have a more significant impact on raising HDL levels. This makes it an essential aspect of a heart-healthy lifestyle, especially for those managing hypertension. Other cholesterol types, such as very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and total cholesterol, can also be influenced by various health inputs, but HDL's role in improving cardiovascular health is particularly emphasized in the context of exercise and hypertension.